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Autophagy in Spontaneous Miscarriage

Paul Jason

The precise cause of some spontaneous miscarriages (SM) cannot always be identified. Autophagy, which is necessary for cellular survival in stressful situations, has also been linked to a number of illnesses. It has recently been hypothesized to be associated with SM. The precise mechanism, though, is still elusive. In actuality, trophoblast invasion, placentation, decidualization, enrichment, and infiltration of decidua immune cells (such as natural killer, macrophage, and T cells) are all crucial phases in the creation and maintenance of pregnancy. The discussion of these processes’ respective upstream molecules and downstream effects of autophagy follows. Notably, autophagy also controls the communication between these cells at the maternal-fetal interface. Villi, decidual stromal cells, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of SM patients exhibit aberrant autophagy, albeit the results are conflicting.